Ni fanga sɔrɔyɔrɔ kuraw yiriwali n’u baaracogo ka bon-, ani kuran suguya caman ni dannaya ɲinini minnu bɛ ka caya, kuran siratigɛ fan bɛɛ, k’a ta a dilanni na ka taa a bila a tali la, fɛn caman bɛ ka Changé kosɛbɛ. Kuwati maracogo fɛɛrɛw ni sigidakow ye waati yɛrɛyɛrɛ- fanga balansi buteli tiɲɛ laadala fanga sigicogo la, ka fanga sɔrɔcogo sɛgɛsɛgɛli bonya kosɛbɛ. O fana bɛ fanga jɔcogo caman wuli dɔɔnin dɔɔnin, n’o tun bɛ fanga sɔrɔ fɔlɔ la, ka kɛ fanga sɔrɔyɔrɔ kura ye, wa o wale in bɛ ka juguya ka taa a fɛ.
Ni i y’a suma ni suguya wɛrɛw yefanga maracogo fɛɛrɛw, batiri fanga marayɔrɔw (BESS) bɛ ni kunnafoni suguya caman ye ani u bɛ ni ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ fɛɛrɛ caman ye. O b’a to BESS bɛ se ka kuran sira ni musakabɔlaw bɛɛ mago ɲɛ cogo caman na, o la, a bɛ mɔgɔw bɛɛ hakili sama. Ka fara o kan, ɲinini minnu kɛra BESS jɛ-ka-baara fɛɛrɛbɔ la, olu bɛ nɔ bila BESS yiriwali la k’a ɲɛsin a yɛrɛ ma, wa a kɛra fɛɛrɛ jɔnjɔn dɔ ye a waleyali n’a laselikoba la.
Kuwati marayɔrɔ suguya lajɛlen
Ka kɛɲɛ ni jatebɔ dafabaliw ye minnu bɔra Zhongguancun fanga marali porozɛw ka kunnafonidilan na (CNESA), kabini san 2019 laban na, fanga marali porozɛw ka seko sigilen bɛɛ lajɛlen diɲɛ kɔnɔ (o la, ji marali pɔnpe fɛ, batiri fanga marali, kɔgɔ wulilen fanga marali, flywheel fanga maracogo, ani fanga maracogo wɛrɛw) sera GW 184,6 ma, o ye san-san-san dɔ farali ye 1,9%. O la, ji marayɔrɔ pɔnpe la, o fanga sigilen tun ka bon ni 171,0 GW ye, o ye san-san-san caman farali ye 0,2% ; batiri fanga marali tugura o kɔ kosɛbɛ ni fanga sigilen bɛɛ lajɛlen ye min ye 9520,5 MW ye ; batiri fanga maracogo fɛɛrɛ suguya caman cɛma, litiyamu-ion batiriw de tun bɛ se ka sigi senkan u bɛɛ lajɛlen na, n’o ye 8454,2 MW ye, i n’a fɔ a jiralen bɛ cogo min na ja in na.
Diɲɛ fanga mara porozɛw ka seko sigilen dalajɛlen (MW kɔnɔ) .
San 2019 laban na, Siniwa jamana ka fanga marali porozɛw seko sigilen bɛɛ lajɛlen sera 32,4 GW ma, o bɛ kɛ 17,6% ye diɲɛ sugu la, san-san-san dɔ farala 3,6% kan. O la, ji marayɔrɔ pɔnpe la, o fanga sigilenw bɛɛ lajɛlen tun ka bon ni GW 30,3 ye, o ye san-san-san caman farali ye 1,0% ; batiri fanga marali kɛra filanan ye ni fanga sigilen bɛɛ lajɛlen ye 1709,6 MW ye, o ye san-san{13}}san caman farali ye 59,4%. Batiri fanga maracogo fɛɛrɛ suguya caman cɛma, litiyamu-ion batiriw tun bɛ se ka sigi senkan u bɛɛ lajɛlen na, n’o ye 1377,9 MW ye, i n’a fɔ a jiralen bɛ cogo min na ja in na.
Seko ni dɔnko sabatili dalajɛlen fanga marali porozɛw la Sinuwa jamana na (Unit: MW) .
Hali ni farikolo fanga maracogo fɛɛrɛw, minnu jiralen don ni ji marali ye pɔnpe fɛ, olu bɛ diɲɛ fanga marali porozɛw fanga la hali bi, u bɛ 92,6% bɔ,u ka wariko musaka fɔlɔw ka bon, wa yɔrɔ danma bɛ musaka dɔgɔyali na sini, wa u ka ɲinini ka bon dugukolo sigiyɔrɔmako la. Batiri fanga marali, n’o ye kuran fanga maracogo nafama ye, o yiriwara joona nin san laban ninnu na. BESS (Batiri fanga maracogo) nafaw bɛ fɛɛrɛko siratigɛ la i n’a fɔ baarakɛcogo caman, fɛn caman tigɛli bɔnɛ dɔgɔyali, jaabi teliya teliya, sariyaw tiɲɛni ka bon, wa u dan tɛ dugukolo cogoyaw fɛ, o b’a to u bɛnnen don jamaba dilanni ma ani baarakɛyɔrɔbaw la, minnu bɛ kɛ foro caman na. Min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ, o ye ko batiri fanga maracogo suguya caman musaka bɛna dɔgɔya ka taa a fɛ ni 50% ye ka se 60% ma. O la, ka kɛɲɛ ni diɲɛ fanga kura baarada (IRENA) ka fɔ la, diɲɛ BESS hakɛ bɛna bonya joona ka se 175 GW ma san 2030. Ka kɛɲɛ ni CNESA ka jateminɛ ye, san 2020 ni 2024 cɛ, Sinuwa batiri fanga mara sugu bonya bɛna bonya ka taa a fɛ, ni san kɔnɔ bonya faralen ye 55% fo 65%, ka se 15 GW ma ka se 24 ma GW ka se san 2024 ma.
Nka, batiri fanga mara porozɛw tilatilali marabolow kɔnɔ, o bɛ to cogo kelen na kosɛbɛ. Hali ni batiri fanga mara porozɛ kura daminɛna jamana 49 walima mara 49 kɔnɔ diɲɛ kɔnɔ san 2019, jamana tan minnu bɛ sanfɛ, n’olu ye Sinuwa, Ameriki, Angletɛri, Alimanjamana ani Ɔsitarali ye, olu kɛra 91,6% ye diɲɛ seko bɛɛ lajɛlen na min farala ɲɔgɔn kan san 2019. Batiri fanga mara porozɛ seko tɛmɛna Sinuwa ni Ameriki, o tɛmɛna 500 MW kan, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, Sinuwa, o wulila ka bɔ Sinuwa, Ameriki, Angletɛri, Alimanjamana ani Ɔsitarali jɔyɔrɔ duurunan san 2017 ani jɔyɔrɔ filanan san 2018 ka se jɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ ma san 2019. Kore Dugu, n’o ye jɔyɔrɔ sabanan ye san 2017 ani jɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ la san 2018, o ye jɔli ye batiri fanga marali porozɛ kura la san 2019 kɔnɔ k’a sababu kɛ lakanako koɲɛw ye.
San 2019, mara tan minnu bɛ Siniwa jamana na (marabolo yɛrɛmahɔrɔnyalenw, minisiriso) minnu ka batiri fanga marali porozɛ kura sigilenw ka bon kosɛbɛ, olu ye Guangdong, Jiangsu, Hunan, Sinjiang, Qinghai, Beijing, Anhui, Shanxi, Zhejiang ani Henan ye. Seko kura faralen ɲɔgɔn kan nin mara tan ninnu na (yɛrɛmahɔrɔnya maraw, dugubaw) kɛra 88,9% ye Siniwa jamana ka seko kura bɛɛ lajɛlen na san 2019.
K’a sababu kɛ ɲɛtaa sabatili ye fanga maracogo fɛɛrɛbɔ la ani kuran suguya min yiriwara kosɛbɛ Ameriki, batiri fanga marali kɛra fanga maracogo fɛɛrɛ ye min bɛ ka bonya teliya la{1}}Amerika kɔnɔ, wa a bɛ kɛ ka caya fanga maracogo fan bɛɛ la, hali kuran bɔli, a cili, a tilali, ani a musaka, o kɛra fɛɛrɛko siraba ye min jɛlen don kosɛbɛ ani jagokɛcogo ɲuman.
2019 sàn tɔgɔ Dara Ameriki fanga marali baarabolodalen san ye, batiri fanga marali seko sigilen bɛɛ lajɛlen sera 1600 MW ma o sàn in na. Ka kɛɲɛ ni kunnafoni labanw ye minnu bɔra "2019 fanga mara kɔlɔsili san gafe" kɔnɔ, fanga mara jɛkulu (ESA) fɛ, fanga marali seko kura sigilen bɛɛ lajɛlen Ameriki jamana kɔnɔ san 2019 kɔnɔ, o sera 522,7 MW/1113 MWh ma, ni san naaninan dɔrɔn ye 186,4 MW/264,2 MWh ye. McKinsey & Company y’a jira ko Ameriki batiri fanga marali seko bɛna kɛ san 2019 ta siɲɛ saba ye san 2020, ka tɛmɛ siɲɛ fila kan san 2021, ka se 7,3 GW ma san 2025; wari bɛɛ lajɛlen min kɛra Ameriki fanga mara sugu la san 2019 kɔnɔ, o kɛra miliyɔn 712 ye, k’a sɔrɔ a jirala ko a bɛna pan ka se miliyari 2 ma san 2020 kɔnɔ.
K’a sababu kɛ danfara ye fanga sɔrɔcogo ni kuran ɲinini na jamana kɔnɔ ani diɲɛ kɔnɔ, batiri fanga maracogo fɛɛrɛ kunbabaw fana tɛ kelen ye. Ni an ye litiyamu-ion batiri fanga maracogo ta misali ye, diɲɛ kɔnɔ, baarakɛcogo min ka ca kosɛbɛ, o bɛ sɔrɔ rezow fan fɛ, i n’a fɔ frequency regulation, peak shaving, ani ancillary services, o bɛ kɛ 52,7% ye, o kɔfɛ, ka fanga kura sɔrɔlenw fara ɲɔgɔn kan dɛmɛni na ni 28,9% ye, ani baarakɛcogo jɛnsɛnnenw ni microgrid baarakɛlaw fan fɛ ni 18,4% ye. Sinuwa jamana na, fanga kura sɔrɔlenw jɛ-ka-baara dɛmɛni ye baarakɛcogo ye min ka ca kosɛbɛ, a bɛ 37,7% bɔ, o kɔfɛ, grid-kɛrɛfɛ ani baarakɛla-kɛrɛfɛ baarakɛminɛnw bɛ sɔrɔ 25% ani 25,3%.
Hali n’a y’a sɔrɔ ko san 2019 bonya hakɛ tun ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ n’i y’a suma ni diɲɛ fanga marali suguya bonya hakɛ 126% ye san 2018 kɔnɔ, fanga marali bɛna taa a fɛ ka bonya barikama sabati, bawo jamanabaw bɛ ka u ka fanga jiginniw juguya ani ka dɔ fara u ka ɲininiw kan fanga sɔrɔcogo sɛgɛsɛgɛli la. A kɛra fɛɛrɛba ye kaban jamanaw bolo walasa k’u ka fanga siratigɛ laɲiniw dafa. O de kama, san 2020 zuwɛnkalo la, kuran mara porozɛ minnu bɛ baara la diɲɛ kɔnɔ, olu ka seko sigilenw bɛɛ lajɛlen sera GW 185,3 ma, ni Sinuwa ka seko sigilenw bɛɛ lajɛlen sera GW 32,7 ma. O la, diɲɛ kɔnɔ batiri fanga marali seko sigilen bɛɛ lajɛlen sera 10.112,3 MW ma, o tɛmɛna 10 GW taamasiyɛn kan, o b’a jira ko san-san{13}}san dɔ farala 36,1% kan, k’a sɔrɔ Sinuwa jamana ka seko sigilen bɛɛ lajɛlen sera 1831,0 MW ma, san{18}}san{18}}san ka kɛ 53,9% ye.