Tile foro batiri marayɔrɔ bɛ se ka bila sen kan ni tile sigiyɔrɔw ye ɲɔgɔn fɛ walima ka kɛ yɔrɔ kelen ye kuran sɛnɛfɛnw kɛrɛfɛ. Yɔrɔ in bɛ bɔ rezow ɲɔgɔndan gɛrɛgɛrɛ la, dugukolo cogoyaw la, ani ni porozɛ in laɲini ye ka tile bɔli nafa bonya walima ka rezow baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw di.
Deployment model fila de bɛ sugu la. Sitimɛ minnu bɛ sigi ɲɔgɔn fɛ, olu bɛ tile foro batiri marayɔrɔ bila k’u ɲɛsin sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli yɔrɔw ma, ka nafa sɔrɔ sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli kɛrɛfɛ walasa ka dɔ bɔ ɲɔgɔndan musakaw la ani ka se ka fanga arbitrage ɲuman kɛ. Kalifɔrni jamana ka Edwards Sanborn baarakɛyɔrɔ bɛ nin fɛɛrɛ in misali di ni tile 875 MW ye ka fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni 3300 MWh marayɔrɔ ye. Batiri jɔlenw, a kɔfɛ, u bɛ baara kɛ u yɛrɛma ka bɔ sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli la, wa u bɛ tali kɛ ɲɔgɔn na k’u ɲɛsin rezow ma, sabatili baarakɛminɛnw mago bɛ yɔrɔ min na kosɛbɛ. Niyɔriki y’a ka jamana-yɔrɔ fɔlɔ da wuli a yɛrɛ ma Franklin mara la san 2023, k’a jira ko fɛnmarayɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ se ka baara kɛ.
Grid Jɛɲɔgɔnya wajibiyalenw bɛ yɔrɔko latigɛw bila sira
Ka surunya transmission infrastructures la, o de bɛ poroze sɔrɔko dantigɛ tile foro batiri marali kama. Batiri marali bɛ se ka don tilennen na -fasa tilali sira saba la, a ka fisa ka se mɛtɛrɛ 1000 ma walasa ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ musaka{1}}na. Yɔrɔjan ni jagokɛyɔrɔ fitininw cɛ nafa ka bon cogo kelen na-baarakɛlaw bɛ yɔrɔw laɲini minnu bɛ kilomɛtɛrɛ 2 kɔnɔ walasa ka ɲɔgɔndan musakaw dɔgɔya minnu bɛ se ka se dɔrɔmɛ 500.000 ma kilomɛtɛrɛ kelen na Ameriki Worodugu-Kɔrɔn fɛ kuran balolanw na minnu bɛ se 12-32,4 kV ma.
Grid seko gɛlɛyaw bɛ dɔ fara a ka baarakɛcogo kan. Ameriki ka ɲɔgɔndan sinsinni tun bɛ se ka se ka kɛ GW 2600 ye san 2023 laban na, batiriw tun bɛ 46% bɔ porozɛw la minnu bɛ CAISO ka rezow ɲɔgɔndan ɲini. Available Transfer Capacity (ATC) sumanikɛlanw b’a jira ni fɛnsɔrɔsiraw minnu bɛ yen, olu bɛ se ka marayɔrɔ kura ladon k’a sɔrɔ fɛn caman ma wuli. Yɔrɔw sɔngɔko dankan (LMP) kunnafoniw bɛ yɔrɔw jira, fanga arbitrage bɛ sɔrɔ caman di yɔrɔ minnu na, bawo sɔngɔ danfara minnu bɛ chargement ni dischargement waatiw cɛ, olu bɛ nɔ bila nafa sɔrɔli la k’a ɲɛsin a yɛrɛ ma.
Distribution Network Operators (DNO) bɛ fɛɛrɛko wajibiyalenw sigi senkan minnu tɛ kelen ye ka kɛɲɛ ni u ka fanga ye. Kalifɔrni jamana ka dantigɛlisɛbɛn dantigɛli sariyaw bɛ waatibolodacogo jɛ-ka-baara yamaruya sisan tile-plus-marako porozɛw kama, ka dɔ bɔ rezow basigibaliya la ka bɔ jagokɛcogo caman na. Porozɛw dilannikɛlaw ka kan ka G99 ɲininiw lakana sigidaw kama minnu fanga bɛ tɛmɛ kilowati 3,68 kan fasa kelen kɔnɔ, o bɛ tali kɛ fɛɛrɛko cikanw na minnu bɛ se ka kɛ ni nɔfɛko kalanw ye minnu bɛ se ka waati bolodalenw janya fo ka se baarakɛdon 20 ma walima ka tɛmɛ o kan.
Siti farikoloma cogoyaw
Dugukolo wajibiyalenw sɛgɛsɛgɛli ni seko ye. Tile foro min ye MW 1 ye, a ka c’a la, o mago bɛ 5-7 acres la, ni batiri marali bɛ dɔ fara MW 200-400 kan tile bɔli MW 500 o 500 la. Porozɛ minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni nafa ye, olu bɛ 200+ acres ɲini sigidaw la minnu bɛ MW 20 ni kɔ bɔ. Sigida ɲɛmɔgɔw bɛ dan sigi yɔrɔ dafalenw dafalen na, ka sira di 60% ɲɔgɔn ma, ka kɛɲɛ ni pankurun ni minɛnw bilali ye, jatebɔ kɛlen kɔfɛ kɔtigɛwalew ni buffer zones kan.
Topografi bɛ nɔ bila sigili musakaw ni baarakɛcogo ɲuman na tile foro batiri marali la. Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, kulu minnu ɲɛsinnen bɛ saheli ma- nɔgɔya la (degere 5 jukɔrɔ) olu bɛ tile bɔli ɲɛ ka sɔrɔ ka jɔli nɔgɔya. Kɔrɔn walima saheli jiginni dɔɔnin bɛ se ka sɔgɔmada fanga minɛcogo ɲɛ. Yɔrɔ minnu ka kalasi bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen-falen kosɛbɛ, woroduguyanfan-kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw, walima kuluw minnu bɛ wuli, olu bɛ dugukolo baara de wajibiya min bɛ porozew ka baarakɛnafolo bonya. Batiri minɛnw mago bɛ bɛton jusigilanw na minnu bɛ se ka sen 40-sen modulariw dɛmɛ, litiyamu-ion selilɛriw bɛ minnu kɔnɔ.
Dugukolo sabatili bɛ jɔli dɛsɛw bali. Dugukolo cogoya ka kan ka jiginni siraw dɛmɛ k’a sɔrɔ u ma sigi kojugu. Jibɔcogo ɲuman bɛ mɔgɔ tanga jikuruw ma minnu bɛ se ka jusigilanw tiɲɛ walima ka kuran minɛnw lawuli. Fɛdɛrali baaradaw bɛ sanjiba ni jisigiyɔrɔw kariti-sanjiba yɔrɔw kɔnɔ san 100 walima 500 sanjiba yɔrɔw kɔnɔ, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli wɛrɛw kɛ, k’a sɔrɔ jisigiyɔrɔw dantigɛli bɛ se ka porozɛw jɔ pewu.
Lamini jateminɛw bɛ nafolo lakananenw jira ka kɔn yiriwali ɲɛ. Fɛnɲɛnɛma suguya minnu bɛ farati la, olu sigiyɔrɔw, tariku yɔrɔw, ani sigida lakananenw bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka mɔgɔw bɔ kɛnɛ kan. Siti minnu bɛ jamana nakɔsɛnɛyɔrɔw kɔnɔ, sigida laminiw kɔnɔ, walima sigida minnu ka cɛɲi ka bon kosɛbɛ, olu bɛ sariyaw gɛlɛyaw sɔrɔ. Lamini ladilikɛlaw bɛ jateminɛ rapɔɔriw di dɔgɔkun 4-6 kɔnɔ, hali ni nizɛri baarakɛminɛnw bɛ nin waatibolodacogo in dɔgɔya sisan ka kɛ miniti damadɔ ye walasa ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɔlɔ kɛ.
Sariyasunba ni Zoniko jateminɛw
Permis ka gɛlɛya bɛ danfara ka kɛɲɛ ni kiritigɛlaw ye. Dugukolo ka kan ka kɛ zone ye fanga kura sɔrɔcogo walima nafama-skala porozɛw kama, ni sɛnɛko danfaralenw ye minnu bɛ ɲɛnamaya kɛcogo jira. Angletɛri ka sɛnɛyɔrɔ "ɲuman ni fɛn caman bɛ se ka kɛ" ani Ɛsipeɲi ka sɛnɛyɔrɔ "prime" yiriwali dantigɛliw bɛ u ɲɛ, hali ni dɛsɛ degunw bɛ wajibiya tuma dɔw la ka fɛn caman sɛgɛsɛgɛ. Californie ka Opt-In Certification porogaramu bɛ sɔnniw nɔgɔya, ka tile 270 sigida lajɛw wajibiya fo ni fɛnba dɔw b’a la ka waati janya.
Sigida gɛrɛgɛrɛ bɛ poroze sɔnni cogoya. Batiri marayɔrɔ ka fiɲɛbɔlanw bɛ mankan bɔ min ka kan ka mankan bɔ sigiyɔrɔw kɛrɛfɛ. Foroba hakilina bɛ tila waati jiginni dɛmɛbagaw ni dugukolo lakanani lafasabagaw cɛ. Yiriwalikɛlaw ka kan ka sigidamɔgɔw sen don a la ni timinandiya ye, bawo sigida kɛlɛli bɛ se ka porozɛw bila sira kan sɔnni taabolo senfɛ. York dugutigibulon banna batiri 104 la san 2024 desanburukalo la, k’a sababu kɛ tasuma lakanani ni greenbelt haminankow ye hali ni nafa bɛ sigida lamini na.
So jɔcogo sariyaw de bɛ fɛɛrɛko sariyaw fɔ. Jamana kuran sariyasen (NEC) sariyasen 690, 705, 706 ani 710 bɛ tile-plus-marako jɛɲɔgɔnyaw ɲɛnabɔ. Breakers ni disconnects bɛ 125% oversizing de wajibiya ka kɛɲɛ ni inverter bɔli hakɛ maksimali ye, k’a sɔrɔ renewable source bɔli tɛ se ka tɛmɛ 120% kan main service panel bus ratings kan load-side connections kan. Kalifɔrni y’a ka tasumako sariya kura don san 2025 marisikalo la walasa ka NFPA 855 (2023 bɔko) sariyaw don a kɔnɔ, ni wajibi ye ka sariya labato san 2026 Zanwuyekalo la.
Lakanali ni kɔrɔtɔko labɛnni
Litiyamu-ion thermal runaway bɛ farati fɔlɔ lase tile foro batiri marayɔrɔw la. Bugunw sumaya kojugu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnw kɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ka idɔrɔzi ni mɛtan gaziw bɔ minnu bɛ se ka tasuma don walima ka pɛrɛn. Moss Landing yɔrɔ la, tasuma ye tasuma sɔrɔ san 2022 ani tuguni san 2025 zanwuyekalo la, ka duguden 1200 bɔ yen sanga 24 kɔnɔ. Industriw jiginna ka taa tasuma-fanga-minɛnw na minnu bɛ se ka kɛ modulu ye, ni u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ janya lakananen don, o ye dɔ bɔ jɛnsɛnni faratiw la batiriw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ.
Tasuma kunbɛnni bɛ gɛlɛya don jaabi fɔlɔ dibagaw la. Litiyamu-ion tasumaw bɛ jeni kosɛbɛ, u bɛ se ka tasuma fagacogo kɔrɔw kɛlɛ, wa u bɛ se ka tasuma don kokura tile damadɔ kɔfɛ. Kɔrɔtɔko sariyaw bɛ sen 330-senw danfara yɔrɔw fɔ jagokɛyɔrɔbaw kama, ka jaabiw bila fiɲɛ sanfɛ ani kulu sanfɛ. Ninakiliminɛn minnu bɛ u yɛrɛ -, olu bɛ u tanga baga bɔli ma. Cornell karamɔgɔ Max Zhang bɛ sinsin jɛkafɔ kan sani ko kɛlenw ka kɛ: "A nafa ka bon ka na ni kɔrɔtɔko jaabiw ye, n'o ye tasumako ɲɛmɔgɔso ye. Sabula ni kasaara kɛra dɔrɔn, u tɛ u yɛrɛ minɛ i n'a fɔ tasuma minnu bɛ kɛ tuma bɛɛ."(Alimankan na)
Batiri ɲɛnabɔli siraw (BMS) bɛ lakana fɔlɔ di selilɛri-kɔlɔsili fɛ min bɛ baarakɛcogo tɛmɛnenw bali. Energy Management Systems (EMS) bɛ kunnafoniw sɛgɛsɛgɛ walasa ka anomali sɔrɔ joona. U fila bɛɛ ka kan ka IEC 61508 baarakɛcogo lakanani sariyaw labato. Kabini jɔcogo minnu bɛ tila tilayɔrɔw la, ni funteni-minɛnw bɛ u la, dɛsɛw bɛ sɔrɔ u la k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ baarakɛcogo funteni ɲuman mara 20-23 degere. Kɔlɔsili kɔrɔlenw bɛ kamera infirɛriw ni funteni jateminɛnanw bila sen kan walasa ka faratiw dɔn waati yɛrɛ la.
Kalifɔrni jamana ka san 2024 Etazuni Batiri marali lakanani jɛkulu bɛ baarada caman{1}}kɔlɔsili ɲɛnabɔ CARB, CEC, CPUC, CAL FIRE, ani kɔrɔtɔko baarakɛlaw fɛ. CPUC ka yamaruyaba 167-C bɛ batiri ladonni n’a baarakɛcogo ɲɛfɔ sisan, ka kɔrɔtɔko ɲɛnabɔli labɛnw sɛgɛsɛgɛ minnu bɛ se sigida tasumako ɲɛmɔgɔso ma. Porozɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ni rezow ye, olu ka kan ka NFPA 855 sariya labatoli waleya, ka fiɲɛ ni jiko kɔlɔsili kɛ ka taa a fɛ, ani ka jaabi fɔlɔ dibagaw kalan min bɛ senna. Darden Clean Energy Project, min dabɔra san 2025 ni tile 1150 MW ani 4600 MWh marali ye, o bɛ misali di nin sariyakolow yiriwalenw ma.
Suguda sɛgɛsɛgɛli ani poroze sɔrɔko
Musow ka musaka dɔgɔyali ye tile foro batiri marayɔrɔ baara teliya. Nafamafɛnw-sɛgɛsɛgɛli tile musakaw dɔgɔyara 90% san tan tɛmɛnenw kɔnɔ ka kɛɲɛ ni Ørsted ka fɔta ye, k’a sɔrɔ batiri mara musakaw jigira 2{1}}3x ka bɔ san 2020 hakɛw la ni dɔgɔyali wɛrɛw ye minnu tun bɛna kɛ ka se san 2050. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) ye wari bilali impositi dɔgɔyali daminɛ a yɛrɛma marali la san 2022 Awirilikalo la, fɔlɔ, a tun bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔ kelenw dɔrɔn de la tilebɔ-yɔrɔw. O politiki jiginni in ye tile, mara ani fiɲɛ jɛɲɔgɔnya ɲininiw kɛ GW 1100 ni kɔ la kabini IRA tɛmɛna.
Sɔrɔ sɔrɔli bɛ kɛ sira caman fɛ. Enerji arbitrage bɛ sɔngɔ danfaralenw minɛ-batiriw bɛ sara waatiw la minnu ka dɔgɔ-ni ni tile bɔli caman ye ani ka bɔli kɛ wulada fɛ ɲininiw caya waati la ni sɔngɔw bɛ wuli ka bɔ -£70 na ka se +£200 ma MWh kelen na Angletɛri suguw la. Grid baarakɛlaw bɛ sɔrɔ di frequency regulation ma, ni baarakɛlaw bɛ batiriw sara walasa ka buffer supply-demand fluctuations mara 50 Hz sabatili la. Seko suguw bɛ marali musakaw sara walasa ka sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli hakɛ caman sɔrɔ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ laada la fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw fɛ.
Kalifɔrni ni Teksas de bɛ Ameriki ka baarakɛlaw bilali fanga la. O jamanaw kɛra 82% ye batiri seko faralen ɲɔgɔn kan 14,3 GW la san 2024, ni Kalifɔrini sera 13.300 MW bɛɛ lajɛlen na san- laban na (20% ɲinini hakɛ cayalenba la). CAISO porozɛw mago bɛ GW 165,1 na ka bɔ sɛnɛ kura la, GW 58 bɛ sɔrɔ o la san 2045 kɔnɔ walasa ka feerelikɛlaw ka kuran laɲiniw dafa 100%, minnu bɛ se ka segin a cogo kɔrɔ la. Diɲɛ batiri sugu bɛna se miliyari 31,2 ma san 2029 ka kɛɲɛ ni izini sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlaw ka fɔ ye.
Baarakɛcogo fɛɛrɛw Sugandili
Co-located configurations bɛ tɛmɛn yɔrɔ minnu na tile baarakɛcogo caman nafa ka bon. Ka surunya sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli la, o bɛ fanga musakaw dɔgɔya tile chargement waati-CAISO ka kunnafoniw b’a jira ko batiri minnu bɛ yɔrɔ kelen na, olu bɛ tɔnɔ caman sɔrɔ arbitrage la ka da wulada sɔngɔ jigin kan tile forow kɛrɛfɛ. Sitimɛ minnu bɛ sigi ɲɔgɔn fɛ, olu bɛ fanga caman di ani ka dɛmɛn baara dɔgɔya MW kelen kɔnɔ ni i y’a suma ni baarakɛyɔrɔw ye minnu bɛ u yɛrɛ ma. Eleven Mile Solar porozɛ min bɛ Arizona, o bɛ nin misali in jira ni tile 300 MW ani 1200 MWh marali ye min bɛ sanga naani{10}}lɛrɛ naani{10}}don don o don jibɔcogo di.
Yɔrɔ minnu bɛ u yɛrɛ ma, olu bɛ rezow sabatili baara kɛcogo ɲɛ. Texas ye o fɛɛrɛ ninnu bila sen kan walasa ka san 2024 feburuyekalo kɔrɔtɔko ɲɛnabɔ, ka fɛnmarayɔrɔw bɔli caya ni GW 1 ɲɔgɔn ye. Batiri jɔlenw bɛ baara dɛmɛnan caman di jaabi waati teliyalenw fɛ min bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka seginkanni kɛcogo ɲɛnabɔ. U bɛ yɔrɔ sɔrɔ yɔrɔ minnu na rezow jɔli walima dannaya haminankow bɛ jo di fɛnsɔrɔsiraw kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ma minnu tɛ kelen ye ni sɛnɛ waati ye. Kalifɔrni bɛ baara kɛ ni yɔrɔ saba ye minnu bɛ u yɛrɛ ma jamana kɔnɔ, Franklin County installation fana sen bɛ o la.
Porozɛ hybride nafa cayara kosɛbɛ maraw kɔnɔ. CAISO ni minnu tɛ-ISO Tlebi jɛɲɔgɔnyaw bɛ tile seko 98% ni 81% jira ɲɔgɔndan cogoyaw la, o bɛɛ lajɛlen ye 571 GW ye tile seko ni dɔnko ɲɔgɔndanw na Ameriki layiniw kɔnɔ. Ni mɔgɔw ye sɛnɛfɛnw falenfalen ni co-located storage fara ɲɔgɔn kan, o bɛ sugu nafa ni fɛn caman sɛgɛsɛgɛli fara ɲɔgɔn kan, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, dondaw la minnu bɛ se ka segin u cogo kɔrɔ la. CAISO kɔnɔ batiri fanba bɛ baara kɛ ni sanga 4-lɛrɛ kɔnɔ min bɛnnen don tile kɔnɔ arbitrage ma, hali ni waati jan sigicogo dɔw bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan waati kɔnɔ fɛnw marali magow kama.
Waati cogoya ni dugukoloko jateminɛw
Tile nafolo sɔrɔcogo ɲuman bɛ nɔ bila porozew ka ɲɛtaa la. Mojave kungo mara bɛ tile yeelenba dɔw sɔrɔ dugukolo-dafalenba dɔw la Ameriki, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka yɔrɔw i n’a fɔ Edwards Sanborn ka se ka sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli caya. Nka, funteni jugumanba bɛ gɛlɛyaw lase-funteni jan bɛ se ka panɛri baarakɛcogo tiɲɛ ani ka batiri kɔrɔya teliya. Waati ɲumanw bɛ yeelen barikama ni funteni hakɛ danmadɔ balansi walasa minɛnw ka mɛn.
Sigida la, fɛn kuraw doncogo bɛ nɔ bila marayɔrɔ nafa la. Yɔrɔ minnu bɛ ni nafolo kura sɔrɔcogo caman ye, olu bɛ nafa caman sɔrɔ batiriw ka buffering fɛ min bɛ sɛnɛfɛnw sɛnɛcogo jiginni nɔgɔya. Karamɔgɔ Max Zhang y’a ɲɛfɔ ko: “Ni batiri marali ye, i bɛ se ka fɛn caman sɛnɛcogo caman kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka fɔ ka ɲɛ, n’i bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ buffer.” Gunw i n’a fɔ Hawayi bɛ tali kɛ kosɛbɛ tile-plus-marako la ka da a kan danma bɛ sɔrɔ fɛnɲɛnamafagalan wɛrɛw la-Mililani Solar baarakɛyɔrɔ bɛ O’ahu ka nafa fɔlɔ-scale combined system di ni 39 MW seko ye.
Jɛɲɔgɔnya cogoyaw tɛ kelen ye dugukoloko siratigɛ la. Tlebi jamanaw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ jɛɲɔgɔnya bɛ se ka fiɲɛ ni tile doncogo 33% sɔrɔ k’a sɔrɔ a ma mara ka fara a kan ka kɛɲɛ ni san 2013 ɲininiw ye, hali ni Kalifɔrini ka dekarbonizasiyɔn waatibolodacogo jugu bɛ fɛnw marali teliya de wajibiya. Ɛndujamana bɛ se ka fiɲɛbɔ ni tile 160 GW (22% doncogo) don a kɔnɔ, n’o tɛ marako wajibiyalenw ye, nka diɲɛ fanga jiginni kuntilenna bɛ teliya ka don a tali waati bolodalenw na.
Dugukolo baaracogo ani sigidamɔgɔw ka nɔ bilali
Sɛnɛ dugukolow labɛncogo kura bɛ sɔsɔli lawuli. Sɛnɛyɔrɔ fɔlɔw bɛ yiriwali dantigɛliw ɲɛ, k’a sɔrɔ dugukolo danma minnu ma bɛn sɛnɛ ma, olu bɛ tile porozɛw sama. Darden Clean Energy Project bɛ baara kɛ ni 9500 acres ye Fresno County tilebin fɛ, o tɛ sɛnɛko dɛmɛ tugun. Sɛnɛfɛnw sɛnɛcogo bɛ sira di sɛnɛfɛnw sɛnɛni ma pankurun kɔrɔtalenw jukɔrɔ, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka dugukolo baara fila kɛ min bɛ sɛnɛ sɔrɔ lakana ka sɔrɔ ka fanga sɔrɔ fara a kan.
Dugukolotigiw ka sɔrɔko bɛ se ka u sen don a la. Tile dugukolo jago bɛ £800-1200 sɔrɔ san o san Angletɛri jamana na, o bɛ sɔrɔ sabatilen di, k’a sɔrɔ a ma kɛ ni waati{5}}sɛnɛfɛnw sɔrɔta ye. Ameriki porozɛw bɛ o ɲɔgɔnna nafaw lase-Ørsted ka Eleven Mile Solar bɛ dɔrɔmɛ miliyɔn 5,6 di dugukolotigiw ka san o san sarali ni nafolo tajiw ma. Jagokɛlaw ka bɛnkan kuntaalajanw (san 20-40) b’a ɲini dugukolotigiw fɛ u ka lafiya ni layidu janyalenw ye, hali ni sɔrɔ sabatili bɛ diya mɔgɔ minnu ye, minnu bɛ jiko dantigɛli walima dugukolo min tɛ nafa sɔrɔ.
Sigida nafaw wajibiyalenw bɛ dɔ fara sɔnni kan. Californie ka Opt-In Certification bɛ sigida wari bilali yamaruya-Darden porozɛ ye dɔrɔmɛ miliyɔn 2 bila san tan kɔnɔ, dɔrɔmɛ 320.000 bɛ o la ka di Centro La Familia Lafasalitɔn ma. Porozɛw bɛ 2,000+ jɔli baara 2,000+ dabɔ minnu bɛ fanga sɔrɔ-san 1,5-3 jɔli waatiw kɔnɔ. Yiriwalikɛlaw bɛ sinsin sigiyɔrɔw lakanani kan ani k’u bila baara la pewu ni tile pannew lasegincogo ye ani dugukolo seginni ni jagokɛlaw ka jatebɔw banna.
Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na
Yala batiri marayɔrɔ bɛ se ka fara tile forow kan minnu bɛ yen wa?
Batiriw labɛnni kɔfɛ, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka fanga marayɔrɔw fara ɲɔgɔn kan tile baarakɛyɔrɔw la minnu bɛ baara kɛ. Kalifɔrni ka Rosamond Central Solar ye baara daminɛ san 2021, ni batiri 147 MW farala o kɔfɛ ka kɛ magan ni waati-shift bɔli ye. Porozɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw labɛn kokura, olu bɛ u yɛrɛ tanga ɲɔgɔndan musakaw ma minnu tɛ foyi ɲɛ, u kɛtɔ ka baara kɛ ni rezow ɲɔgɔndanw ye minnu bɛ yen, hali ni yɔrɔ sɔrɔli ni minɛnw bɛnkan bɛ jateminɛ de wajibiya. Co-location nafaw bɛ kɛ ka sɔrɔ u ma installations bɛɛ jɔ kokura.
Permis jumɛnw de ka kan ka kɛ tile foro batiri marali baara la?
Grid jɛgɛn baarakɛminɛnw (G98, G99, walima G100) bɛ jɛɲɔgɔnya yamaruya sigi senkan ka bɔ Distribution Network Operators fɛ. So jɔli yamaruyasɛbɛnw bɛ a sɛgɛsɛgɛ ko ni minisiriso ka kuran sariyaw ni NEC ka sariyaw labatoli. Lamini yamaruyasɛbɛnw bɛ kuma jisigiyɔrɔw lakanani kan, fɛnɲɛnama suguya minnu bɛ farati la, olu jateminɛni, ani fiɲɛ/ji jogoɲumanya sariyaw. Tasuma-fanga-kulu ka sɔnniw bɛ NFPA 855 sariyaw labatoli sabati i n’a fɔ jifiyɛlanw, fiɲɛbɔlanw, ani kɔrɔtɔko sɔrɔli. Zoni dantigɛliw bɛ dugukolo baaracogo bɛnkan jira ni fanga kura sɔrɔcogo yiriwali ye.
Baarakɛlaw bɛ rezow seko jateminɛ cogo di marayɔrɔ porozɛw kama?
Available Transfer Capacity (ATC) sumanikɛlanw b’a jira fanga jiginni rezow bɛ se ka hakɛ min sɔrɔ ni dannaya ye k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ lakana dancɛw mara. Baarakɛlaw bɛ substation specifications sɛgɛsɛgɛ i n’a fɔ voltage hakɛw, doni min bɛ yen, ani upgrade wajibiyalenw. Jɛɲɔgɔnya layidu kunnafoniw bɛ porozɛw jira minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔsɔ minnu bɛ rezow sɔrɔcogo kelen ɲini. Seko ni dɔnko kalanw misali sitɛmu nɔfɛkow baarakɛcogo suguya caman kɔnɔ. Rezo baarakɛlaw bɛ seko kunnafoniw di, hali ni dannayabaliya bɛ sɔrɔ ni porozɛ minnu bɛ layidu ta, olu bɛ taa ɲɛ walima u bɛ bɔ u la min bɛ nɔ bila seko sɔrɔlen lakikaw la.
Mun bɛ kɛ batiri marayɔrɔw la u si laban na?
Litiyamu-ion batiriw bɛ se ka 70-80% mara san 10-15 rezow baara kɔfɛ. Baarakɛcogo filananw bɛ nafa sɔrɔli janya ni u kɛli ye kokura jɔyɔrɔw la minnu man gɛlɛn kosɛbɛ. Segin-ka-bɔnye taabolo bɛ litiyamu, kobalt, nikɛri ani fɛn nafama wɛrɛw sɔrɔ, hali ni fɛnsɔrɔsiraw ma yiriwa hali bi ka kɛɲɛ ni baarakɛcogo bonya ye. Lamini sariyaw bɛ ka taa a fɛ ka taa-kɔsegin fɛɛrɛw ni fɛnw filicogo ɲumanw yamaruya. Kuranko ɲinini baarada ka porozɛw ka ɲɛnamaya laban-ɲɛnamaya ɲɛnabɔli musakaw bɛna nɔba bila tigiya sɔrɔko bɛɛ lajɛlen na, bawo rezow batiriw bɔnsɔn fɔlɔw bɛ se lafiɲɛbɔ ma.
Donanw sɔrɔyɔrɔw
Kalifɔrni fanga komisiyɔn - Darden fanga saniyalen porozɛ ka sɔnni, san 2025
Ameriki fanga kunnafoniko ɲɛmɔgɔso - Batiri maracogo kunnafoniw, san 2024
CAISO - Laseli kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen batiri marali kan, Mɛkalo san 2025
Lawrence Berkeley Fasokanw ka laboratuwari - Rezow ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ jɛɲɔgɔnya layidu sɛgɛsɛgɛli, san 2023
Kuwame minisiriso - Tile jɛ-ka-baara: Kuwame ni a marali jɔnjɔnw
Ørsted - Ameriki tile fanga ni batiri marali portfolio kunnafoniw, san 2025 feburuyekalo
EPA - Batiri fanga marayɔrɔw lakanani bilasiralikan, Awirilikalo tile 2025
Californie Foroba Baarakɛjɛkulu - Batiri lakanani sariyaw, Zanwuyekalo san 2025
Cornell Iniwɛrisite - Dɔnnibaaw ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli batiri maracogo kan, Sɛtanburukalo san 2023