Batiri fanga marayɔrɔw jɛ-ka-baara (BESS (BESS) ye) kurunbokari minɛnw kɔnɔ minnu bɛ sariya kɔnɔ, o ye fɛn caman sɛmɛntiya kosɛbɛ grid-scale storage infrastructures bilali sɔrɔko la. Nin furakɛlicogo minnu bɛ minɛn kɔnɔ-a ka c’a la, minnu bɛ bɛn ISO hakɛw ma minnu janya ye mɛtɛrɛ 20- walima mɛtɛrɛ 40- ye-u bɛ kuran sɛnɛfɛnw, fanga jiginni minɛnw, funteni ɲɛnabɔli minɛnw, ani tasuma kunbɛn fɛɛrɛw fara ɲɔgɔn kan ka kɛ izini kɔnɔ fɛnw ye minnu bɛ lajɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ, minnu bɛ se ka taa ni u ye fɛnw ladonni sira kɔrɔw fɛ, ka baara kɛ tile damadɔ kɔnɔ sanni kalo caman kɔnɔ. Ka ɲɛsin fanga kura sɔrɔcogo baarakɛcogo ma ani mikrorezow jɔcogo ma, o modularite in bɛ waati bɛnbaliya danma ɲɛnabɔ sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli cogoya caman ni doni ɲinini kuruw cɛ.
Mun na Konteynaw, A kɛra cogo o cogo?
Fɛn dɔ bɛ yen min bɛ ɲini ka kɛ fɛn cɛɲi ye, n’o ye ka kurunbokari minɛn majiginlen-o nɛgɛkɛsu kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen min ye diɲɛ jago caman sɛmɛntiya-, ka kɛ minɛn ye min bɛ kɛ ɛlektrɔnikiw kama. A hakɛw bɛ kɛ cogo la min bɛ bɛn diɲɛ kɔnɔ. Grues minnu bɛ kurunbonkarila o kurunbonkarila la, olu bɛ se k’u minɛ. Kamiyɔnw bɛ dilan u ye. O ye infrastructure (infrastructure) ye min bɛ yen kaban.
Nka appeal lakika bɛ tɛmɛn logistiki kan. Ni i bɛ ka marayɔrɔ bila tile foro dɔ la min bɛ se mɛgawati 50 ma Ɔsitarali jamana kɔkan walima fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔ dɔ la Worodugu Kɔgɔji la, i t’a fɛ ka ladamu sigida dɔ jɔ ka bɔ fɛn fɔlɔ la. I b’a fɛ fɛn dɔ ka se min kɔrɔbɔra, min tiɲɛna, ani min labɛnnen don. Minɛn bɛ kɛ fɛn ye sanni ka kɛ poroze ye.
Bi, sistɛmu fanba bɛ pake yɔrɔ dɔ la 2,5 ni 5 MWh cɛ ka kɛ sen 20-sen ye. Ji-nɛnɛ suguya kura minnu bɛ bɔ CATL, BYD ani Sungrow la, olu bɛ ka gɛlɛya ka taa 5+ MWh fɛ ni 314Ah selilɛriw ye minnu labɛnna cogoyaw la i n’a fɔ 1P104S rack kelen kɔnɔ. O ye fanga-dafalen caman ye min sirilen bɛ mɛtɛrɛ kubik 33 na.
Fɛn min bɛ wele ko Guts of the Thing
Aw bɛ nin minɛn ninnu dɔ da wuli, aw bɛna a ye ko a labɛnna cogo kabakoma na-walima a bɛ siran, ka kɛɲɛ ni aw ka jateminɛ ye.
Batiriw bilayɔrɔwka fanga digi yɔrɔ kan. U jirisunw, a ka c’a la, kulu 8 fo 12 bɛ kɛ minɛn kelen kɔnɔ, kulu kelen-kelen bɛɛ kɔnɔ, pake caman bɛ sɔrɔ minnu sirilen bɛ ɲɔgɔn na. Litiyamu nɛgɛ fositɛri (LFP) chimie ye se sɔrɔ kosɛbɛ marali kɛlɛw la walasa ka baara kɛtaw jɔ. Ɔwɔ, NMC bɛ fanga caman di, nka, funteni bolicogo caman kɛlen kɔfɛ-porofalenba damadɔw-san 2021 Pekin Fengtai binkanni kɛra min tɔgɔjugu bɔra kosɛbɛ-sɛnɛfɛnw bɛɛ lajɛlen y’a latigɛ ko fanga sɔrɔta danmadɔw tɛ se ka kɛ asiransi musakaw ye.
EBatiriw ɲɛnabɔli siraye yɔrɔ ye fɛnw bɛ diya yɔrɔ min na. O tɛ minɛn kelen ye nka a ye sigiyɔrɔma ye : seli-dakun kɔlɔsili pankurunw bɛ balo pakew kɔnɔ, minnu bɛ wuli ka taa kulu ɲɛmɔgɔw ma, minnu bɛ kunnafoni di master unit dɔ ma. Layɛrɛ kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ tension, current, temperature, ani ka state-de-charge jate. SOC jateminɛni algorisimuw dɔrɔn tun bɛ se ka kalandenw ka tesis dɔ fa-Kalman filɛriw, hakili rezow, ciriw modɛliw minnu bɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma, olu bɛɛ bɛ kɛlɛ kɛ walasa ka tiɲɛni kɛ kɛmɛsarada la damadɔ kɔnɔ.
Seko ni dɔnko caman tigɛli sirawAC/DC ɲɔgɔndan ɲɛnabɔ. PCS dilancogo minnu bɛ cɛmancɛ la, olu bɛ batiri juru caman siri invertɛri belebele kelen na-nɔgɔya, a sɔngɔ ka dɔgɔ, nka i bɛ kuran lamininenw sɔrɔ juruw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ minnu tɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma. String-level PCS bɛ kulu kelen-kelen bɛɛ di a yɛrɛ ka fɛn caman tigɛli ma; fɛnɲɛnɛma caman, nka a bɛ "weakest link" gɛlɛya bɔ yen yɔrɔ min na sɛrɛ kelen tiɲɛnen bɛ sistɛmu bɛɛ sama ka jigin. A bɛ iko izini in bɛ ka taa nin laban in fɛ, hali ni musaka degunw bɛ dilancogo cɛmancɛw to ɲɛnamaya la sɔngɔ-sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ suguyaw la.
Wa o kɔfɛ, a bɛ yenfunteni ɲɛnabɔli, min ka kan ni jateminɛ ye tiɲɛ na ka tɛmɛ a bɛ sɔrɔ cogo min na.
Funteni: The Silent Killer
Batiriw bɛ funteni hakɛ dantɛmɛnen kɔniya. Degere 10 duguma , litiyamu ionw bɛ taa dɔɔnin dɔɔnin elektrɔli fɛ; charge un cellule froide teliya kojugu ani i bɛ farati la ka litiyamu plating kɛ anode-tiɲɛni banbali kan. Ni degere 35 sanfɛ, tiɲɛni bɛ teliya kosɛbɛ. Ani funteni jiginniw pake kɔnɔ? Gɛlɛya bɛ o cogo kelen na. Ni seli kelen bɛ boli ka tɛmɛ a sigiɲɔgɔn kan degere 8, u bɛna kɔrɔya ni hakɛ wɛrɛw ye, wa i ka batiri sitɛmu min bɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma kosɛbɛ, o bɛ kɛ ɲagami ye min tɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma san damadɔ kɔnɔ.
Fiɲɛ nɛnɛ tun ye fɛɛrɛ fɔlɔ ye san caman kɔnɔ. Industri HVAC unitw sigilen bɛ minɛn kogow kan, ductwork minnu bɛ fiɲɛ nɛnɛman tila batiriw bilayɔrɔw fɛ. A ka nɔgɔn kosɛbɛ. Nka fiɲɛ bɛ ni funteni-taamacogo juguba ye. I bɛ laban ni funteni yɔrɔw ye, nɛnɛ yɔrɔw, ani fiɲɛbɔlanw bɛ boli tuma bɛɛ. Funteni danfara minnu bɛ se degere 5-8 ma seliw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, olu ka ca.
Ji nɛnɛ ye tulon in Changé. Glycol-ji ɲagaminen minnu bɛ woyo ka tɛmɛ nɛnɛbɔlanw fɛ minnu digilen don selilu sanfɛ, olu bɛ se ka funteni jɛnsɛnniw minɛ degere 3 jukɔrɔ -tuma dɔw la degere 2 jukɔrɔ . Jago-off ye gɛlɛya ye : pɔnpew, funteni-falen-falen-yɔrɔw, bɔgɔdaga minnu bɛ se ka kɛ. Nka sistɛmu minnu bɛ wotoro boli siɲɛ fila tile kɔnɔ waati funteni na, ɲɛnamaya taabolo nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ. Dilanbaga dɔw b’a fɔ ko batiri si bɛ janya 30% ni i y’a suma ni fiɲɛ-nɛnɛma ɲɔgɔnnaw ye.
Joli bɔyɔrɔ ye nɛnɛ ye min bɛ su ji la-ka selilɛriw bɛɛ lajɛlen su ji la dielektriki ji la. A mankan bɛ kɛ radikal ye, wa a bɛ ten. Ji (a ka c’a la, fluorocarbones engineering) bɛ funteni minɛ k’a ɲɛsin selilɛriw ma, fiɲɛ tɛ yɔrɔ min na, ni funteni-yɔrɔ tɛ yen, ni nɛnɛ-plati tɛ yen. Saheli kuran sɛnɛyɔrɔ ye immersion-nɛnɛbɔlan dɔ sigi senkan Meizhou Baohu gare la san 2023; u bɛ ka seli-ka-seli funteni delta fɔ degere 2 jukɔrɔ . Yala nin fɛɛrɛ in bɛ bonya sɔrɔko siratigɛ la, o bɛna dɔn.
Microgrids: Yɔrɔ min na Storage bɛ a ka mara sɔrɔ
"Mikɔrɔ-rezo" daɲɛ bɛ fili ka lamini, nka fɛɛrɛko ɲɛfɔli nafa ka bon : kuran-sɛnɛyɔrɔ min bɛ mara sigida la, kuran dancɛ ɲɛfɔlenw bɛ min na, min bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni rezow kunba ye walima ka bɔ ɲɔgɔn na. Daɲɛ koloma ye "isolated" ye. Ni ɲɔgɔndan min bɛ kɛ ni utilité ye, o ma ɲɛ-sanfiɲɛ, dugukolo yɛrɛyɛrɛ, ladonni bolodalenw-mikɔrɔgrid ka kan k’a yɛrɛ ka sɔrɔ ni ɲinini balansi, k’a yɛrɛ ka frequency ni voltage labɛn.
O yɔrɔ de la, minɛnw marali bɛ kɛ fɛn ye min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ.
Sɛnɛfɛn kura sɔrɔli mikro-rezo kɔnɔ, o bɛ ɲɔgɔn ta a danma. Tile bɔli bɛ tugu kurunba dɔ kɔ min bɛ se ka fɔ ka ɲɛ nka a tɛ se ka kunbɛn; fiɲɛ ka jugu ka tɛmɛ o kan. Ni mara tɛ, i mago bɛ sɛnɛfɛnw na minnu bɛ se ka ci-a ka c’a la dizili jɛnɛratow- walasa ka yɔrɔw fa. Storage bɛ fɛn caman Changé (Yɛlɛma) equation (daɲɛw marayɔrɔ) la. Tile tɛmɛnen midi waati la, o bɛ batiriw charge; wulada ɲinini b’u sama ka jigin. Dizili jenɛse bɛ kɛ kɔkanna ye sanni ka kɛ baarakɛso fɔlɔ ye.
Industri parcs ye o misali in minɛ ni fanga ye. Sinuwa jamana ka Mongolia kɔnɔna mara la, "zero-carbon" izini yɔrɔ caman ye cogoyaw bila senkan minnu bɛ fiɲɛ 30+ MW fara ɲɔgɔn kan, so sanfɛla tile izini sow kɔnɔ, ani 3-7 MWh minɛnw marayɔrɔw. Kuranko ɲɛnabɔli siraw-a ka c’a la, minnu bɛ baara kɛ izini PCw kan minɛn kɔnɔ-olu bɛ cicogo ɲɛ ka da waati-kan kan-baara kɛ ni kuran hakɛw ye, kuran bɔli jateminɛw, ani sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli waatibolodalenw. Ni rezow kuran sɔngɔw wulila ka caya waati minnu na mɔgɔw bɛ caya, o marayɔrɔ bɛ bɔ; ni sɔngɔw jigira su tilancɛ la, a bɛ wari sara. Sɔrɔko pensili bɛ bɔ ni peak-valley jɛnsɛnni tɛmɛna 0,7 RMB/kWh ɲɔgɔn kan.
Yɔrɔjan sigili bɛ gɛlɛya suguya wɛrɛw lase mɔgɔw ma. Minɛko baara minnu bɛ kɛ Ɔsitarali Tlebi fɛ, telefɔni sankansow Sahara woroduguyanfan-Afiriki kɔnɔ, gun sigida minnu bɛ Pasifiki-o yɔrɔw la, n’a sɔrɔla u tɛ ni rezow ɲɔgɔndan ye fewu. Microgrid (mikɔrɔ-grid) yeyegrid (jatebɔ) ye. Yan, marali tɛ sɔrɔko ɲɛnabɔcogo ɲuman ye; o ye ka baarakɛcogo jɔnjɔnw kɛ sababu ye. Batiri banki 48V min bɛ tile panneau damadɔ dɛmɛ, o bɛ se ka kɛ i n’a fɔ a fɔlɔ don n’i y’a suma ni nafama-scale installations ye, nka a kɔnɔ sariyakolow ye kelen ye.
Lakanali dun bɛ cogo di?
An ka kɛ tilennen ye: litiyamu-ion batiriw bɛ se ka tasuma minɛ. Industri ye baara kɛ kosɛbɛ walasa ka nin farati in dɔgɔya-LFP chimie bɛ sabati a danma ka tɛmɛ NMC kan, BMS sitɛmuw bɛ seliluw tigɛ minnu bɛ tɛmɛ lakana hakɛw kan, funteni ɲɛnabɔli bɛ funteni mara-nka ko kɛlenw bɛ kɛ hali bi. Jateminɛw ka ɲi kosɛbɛ tiɲɛ na ka kɛɲɛ ni -MWh ye, nka ni marayɔrɔ minɛn dɔ tasuma donna, a kɔlɔlɔw ka jugu.
Bi sigidaw bɛ lafasali-yɔrɔ caman don u kɔnɔ. Sisi ni gazi jateminɛnanw (kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, fluoride d’hydrogène ni monooxyde de carbone) bɛ lasɔmini kɛ joona. Aerosol walima saniya-agent suppression systems bɛ se ka tasuma daminɛtaw gosi. Fiɲɛbɔlanw bɛ tansiyɔn jiginni bali. Farikoloɲɛnajɛ barikalanw bɛ dan sigi jɛnsɛnni na batiri yɔrɔw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ.
Tasumafagalan min sugandira, o jiginna ka taa perfluorohexanone (a bɛ feere i n’a fɔ Novec 1230 walima a ɲɔgɔnna), o tɛ-tasuma ta, a tɛ tolen to, wa a bɛ se ka ozɔni tiɲɛ kosɛbɛ. Nka tiɲɛ min tɛ mɔgɔ lafiya, o filɛ nin ye: ni thermal runway (sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ bolicogo) jɛnsɛnna batiri dɔ fɛ, suppression system si tɛna a bali. Aw bɛ se k’a sumaya, k’a minɛ, k’a bali ka jɛnsɛn pake kɛrɛfɛ-nka aw tɛ se ka selilu minnu tɔɔrɔla, olu kisi. Tiɲɛ na, dilancogo hakilila bɛ dan sigi tiɲɛni na sanni ka farati ban pewu.
Sɔrɔko: Jateden minnu nafa ka bon
Musow musaka jigira joona ka tɛmɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛla fanba y’a fɔ cogo min na. San 2020, minɛnw maracogo dafalenw tun bɛ boli dɔrɔmɛ 300-400/kWh ɲɔgɔn na sistɛmu hakɛ la. San 2024 laban na, sɔngɔko jugu Sinuwa jamana na, o ye porozɛ dɔw bila $100/kWh duguma batiri selilɛriw dɔrɔn na, ni sistɛmu dafalenw bɛ $120-150/kWh hakɛ la. Ni o sɔngɔw bɛ sabati-walima ni u bɛ fɛn dilannikɛlaw jira ka fɛn dilannenw fili walasa ka suguya sɔrɔ-o bɛ to sɔsɔli la.
Sɔrɔko bɛ baara kɛ cogo wɛrɛ la baarakɛminɛnw kɔnɔ. Baarakɛla-kɛrɛfɛ marayɔrɔ (jagokɛyɔrɔw ni izini yɔrɔw), nafa jiracogo ye tilennen ye: sarali waatiw la minnu tɛ baara kɛ -waati caman na, bɔli waati minnu na mɔgɔw ka ca, danfara don a ka bɔrɛ kɔnɔ. Mara minnu na i n’a fɔ Jiangsu walima Zhejiang mara, yɔrɔ minnu na, yɔrɔ minnu na -kɔgɔjida jɛnsɛnni kuncɛlen tɛmɛna RMB 0,9/kWh kan ani baara bɛ se ka kɛ yɔrɔ minnu na, tile kɔnɔ, IRR minnu bɛ tɛmɛ 15% kan, olu bɛ se ka sɔrɔ.
Grid-side yɛrɛmahɔrɔnyalen marali ka gɛlɛn ka tɛmɛ. Sɔrɔko siraw tilalen don : seko ni dɔnko jago ka ɲɛsin porozɛw ma minnu bɛ se ka segin u cogo kɔrɔ la, fanga arbitrage suguw la, baara dɛmɛnanw i n’a fɔ frequency regulation. Ba kelen-kelen bɛɛ n’a ka sariyaw don, a ka dannayabaliya. Porozɛ min bɛ MW 100/MWh 200 bɔ, o bɛ se ka RMB miliyɔn 24 sɔrɔ san o san seko ni dɔnko jagokɛlaw fɛ ni seko 80% bɛ bɛnkansɛbɛn kɛ ni 300 RMB/kW ye-nka ni fanga kura dilannikɛlaw ye kumaɲɔgɔnya kɛ ni hakɛ dɔgɔmanw ye do? Ni spot market jɛnsɛnna ka dɔgɔya do?
Jaabi lakika ye ko pure-play storage economics tora dankan na sugu caman na. Politiki dɛmɛ-a kɛra seko sarali fɛ, yamaruya kura ye, walima cikan sariya ɲumanw-a ka teli ka balansi tigɛ.
Ka ɲɛsin ɲɛfɛla ma
A bɛ iko taamacogo jɛlen don kosɛbɛ : minɛn belebelebaw, fanga hakɛ cayalenba, ji nɛnɛni i n’a fɔ a bɛ kɛ cogo min na, kunnafonidicogo minnu bɛ ka caya ka taa a fɛ. CATL ka EnerC+ ni Sungrow ka PowerTitan 2.0 bɛ seko ni dɔnko cogoya jira sisan, nka ɲɔgɔndan degun ka bon kosɛbɛ. Batiri dilannikɛlaw, inverter sosiyetew, ani sistɛmu integrateurs bɛɛ bɛ ka boli walasa ka MWh caman sɔgɔ yɔrɔ fitinin na ni ɲɛnamaya musakaw dɔgɔyara.
Min ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ, o ye suguba jɔcogo belebeleba bɛ yiriwa cogo min na. Yala marali bɛna to nafolo suguya jɔlen ye, walima ka kɛ dalajɛlen ye ka don porozew kɔnɔ minnu bɛ se ka segin ka kɛ fɛn kuraw ye-plus-ma? Yala kuran sɛnɛyɔrɔ virtuel aggregateurs bɛna kɛ tulonkɛla nafamaw ye, ka marayɔrɔ ba caman fara ɲɔgɔn kan ka kɛ grid-scale nafolo ye wa? Yala kemisɛri kura-sodium-ion, laala, walima solid-state- bɛna LFP fanga tiɲɛ wa?
Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, mikro-rezow ta fan fɛ, u marali musakaw dɔgɔyali ni kɔlɔsili siraw ɲɛnabɔli faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o b’a jira ko bonya bɛ taa ɲɛ. O fɛɛrɛ in ye dakun tigɛ ka bɔ "layidu talenw kɔlɔsili" la ka taa "ɲɛnabɔli sɛgɛsɛgɛlen" la. Min tora, o ye waleyali-sitɛmuw bilali ye, baarakɛlaw dege, fɛnw dilancogo cakɛdaw jɔli, jagokɛcogo misaliw nɔgɔyali.
Minɛn yɛrɛ bɛna to a tun bɛ cogo min na tuma bɛɛ : kɛsu sariyalen, tɔgɔ tɛ min na ani min bɛ baara kɛ, min bɛ nafa ta ka bɔ yɔrɔ dɔ la ka taa yɔrɔ wɛrɛ la. Ko sisan a bɛ ɛlektrɔnikiw ta sanni ka taa ni fɛnw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka mɔgɔw balo, o ye sapitiri wɛrɛ dɔrɔn ye a ka tariku kɔnɔ min tɛ kabako ye, min ye fɛn caman sɛmɛntiya.